Newton's Laws of Motion

Inertia – no inanimate object can be moved unless a force is applied to it. Once this force has been applied the object will continue to move in a straight line until an external force such as gravity is applied to it, making the object’s speed or direction change.
Constant Acceleration - the greater the force applied to the object the greater the acceleration of the object. This rule also applies if the object is very large in mass; a greater force is needed to move the object at all.
Momentum – the force that builds up that causes an object to begin to accelerate, the greater the momentum the faster and further an object will travel and the greater the opposing force needs be in order for the object to slow down or stop. If the object is travelling along a rough surface it will come to a stop a lot sooner due to friction, instead of a slippery one which may aid it to accelerate further. ‘If it meets an obstacle it may, depending on its speed, [may] crash straight through,’ (H. Whitaker and J. Halas, 1981 p.31)
Equal and Opposite action – if a force is applied to a character the character will retaliate with exactly the same amount of force and an opposite force.
Gravity – when you throw a ball directly up into the air, the force that will slow it down and bring it back down is gravity. What animators have to take into consideration is that the object will always accelerate then slow down first before coming back down, making a fairly distinctive arc. The height it reaches depends on how large the initial force was that was applied to it. The same goes for bounces the higher the drop and the heavier the ball the faster and higher it will bounce. If a force was absolutely phenomenal then an object could be bounced so far out that it will end up in earths orbit. This ruling doesn’t always apply such as in outer space. When you drop items at the same time from the same distance yet one weighs more than the other, on Earth the one that weighed more would fall and land on the ground faster. Not on much smaller orbital masses such as our own moon, as they have less inertia and therefore far less of a gravitational pull.

GoAnimate.com: Newton's Laws of motion by Soccergirl003

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